Snowstorms & Extreme Cold . These terms can be used to determine the timeline and severity of an approaching storm. The NWS also issues advisories and warnings for other winter weather, including blizzards, freezes, wind chill, lake effect snow, and dense fog. Be alert to weather reports and tune in for specific guidance when these conditions develop. Freezing Rain - Rain that freezes when it hits the ground, creating a coating of ice on roads, walkways, trees and power lines. Sleet - Rain that turns to ice pellets before reaching the ground.
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Sleet also causes moisture on roads to freeze and become slippery. Wind Chill- Windchill is the temperature it “feels like” when you are outside. The NWS provides a Windchill Chart to show the difference between air temperature and the perceived temperature and the amount of time until frostbite occurs. For more information, visit: www.
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Winter Weather Advisory - Winter weather conditions are expected to cause significant inconveniences and may be hazardous. When caution is used, these situations should not be life threatening. The NWS issues a winter weather advisory when conditions are expected to cause significant inconveniences that may be hazardous. If caution is used, these situations should not be life- threatening. Winter Storm Watch - A winter storm is possible in your area.
Tune in to NOAA Weather Radio, commercial radio, or television for more information. The NWS issues a winter storm watch when severe winter conditions, such as heavy snow and/or ice, may affect your area but the location and timing are still uncertain. A winter storm watch is issued 1. Tune in to NOAA Weather Radio, local radio, TV, or other news sources for more information. Monitor alerts, check your emergency supplies, and gather any items you may need if you lose power. Winter Storm Warning - A winter storm is occurring or will soon occur in your area. Blizzard Warning - Sustained winds or frequent gusts to 3.
Frost/Freeze Warning - Below freezing temperatures are expected. Carbon Monoxide. Caution: Each year, an average of 4. Americans die from unintentional carbon monoxide poisoning, and there are more than 2. Carbon monoxide- related deaths are highest during colder months. These deaths are likely due to increased use of gas- powered furnaces and alternative heating, cooking, and power sources used inappropriately indoors during power outages. Never use a generator, grill, camp stove or other gasoline, propane, natural gas or charcoal.
If your home loses power or heat for more than a few hours or if you do not have adequate supplies to stay warm in your home overnight. Pennsylvania Medical Assistance Program Contact Information Department of Public Welfare Office of Medical Assistance Programs P.O. Box 2675 Harrisburg, PA 17105.
Locate unit away from doors, windows and vents that could allow carbon monoxide to come indoors. Keep these devices at least 2.
The primary hazards to avoid when using alternate sources for electricity, heating or cooking are carbon monoxide poisoning, electric shock and fire. Install carbon monoxide alarms in central locations on every level of your home and outside sleeping areas to provide early warning of accumulating carbon monoxide. If the carbon monoxide alarm sounds, move quickly to a fresh air location outdoors or by an open window or door.
Call for help from the fresh air location and remain there until emergency personnel arrive to assist you. During Snowstorms and Extreme Cold. Stay indoors during the storm.
Walk carefully on snowy, icy, walkways. Avoid overexertion when shoveling snow. Overexertion can bring on a heart attack—a major cause of death in the winter. Use caution, take breaks, push the snow instead of lifting it when possible, and lift lighter loads. Keep dry. Change wet clothing frequently to prevent a loss of body heat. Wet clothing loses all of its insulating value and transmits heat rapidly.
Signs of Frostbite: Occurs when the skin and body tissue just beneath it freezes. Loss of feeling and white or pale appearance in extremities, such as fingers, toes, earlobes, face, and the tip of the nose. What to Do: Cover exposed skin, but do not rub the affected area in an attempt to warm it up. Seek medical help immediately.
Signs of Hypothermia: Dangerously low body temperature. Uncontrollable shivering, memory loss, disorientation, incoherence, slurred speech, drowsiness, and apparent exhaustion. What to Do: If symptoms of hypothermia are detected take the person’s temperature. Get the victim to a warm location.
Warm the center of the body first by wrapping the person in blankets or putting on dry clothing. Give warm, non- alcoholic beverages if the victim is conscious. Seek medical help immediately. The U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends, if you detect symptoms of frostbite, seek medical care. Because frostbite and hypothermia both result from exposure, first determine whether the victim also shows signs of hypothermia. Hypothermia is a more serious medical condition and requires emergency medical assistance.
Drive only if it is absolutely necessary. If you must drive: travel in the day; don’t travel alone; keep others informed of your schedule; stay on main roads and avoid back road shortcuts.
Let someone know your destination, your route, and when you expect to arrive. If your car gets stuck along the way, help can be sent along your predetermined route. If the pipes freeze, remove any insulation or layers of newspapers and wrap pipes in rags. Completely open all faucets and pour hot water over the pipes, starting where they were most exposed to the cold (or where the cold was most likely to penetrate). Maintain ventilation when using kerosene heaters to avoid build- up of toxic fumes. Refuel kerosene heaters outside and keep them at least three feet from flammable objects.
Conserve fuel, if necessary, by keeping your residence cooler than normal. Temporarily close off heat to some rooms. If you will be going away during cold weather, leave the heat on in your home, set to a temperature no lower than 5. Drive with extra caution. Dress for the Weather.
If you must go outside, wear several layers of loose- fitting, lightweight, warm clothing rather than one layer of heavy clothing. The outer garments should be tightly woven and water repellent. Wear mittens, which are warmer than gloves. Wear a hat. A hat will prevent loss of body heat.
Cover your mouth with a scarf to protect your lungs. Stranded in a Vehicle. If a blizzard traps you in the car: Pull off the highway. Turn on hazard lights and hang a distress flag from the radio antenna or window.
Remain in your vehicle where rescuers are most likely to find you. Do not set out on foot unless you can see a building close by where you know you can take shelter. Be careful; distances are distorted by blowing snow. A building may seem close, but be too far to walk to in deep snow. Run the engine and heater about 1.
When the engine is running, open a downwind window slightly for ventilation and periodically clear snow from the exhaust pipe. This will protect you from possible carbon monoxide poisoning.
Exercise to maintain body heat, but avoid overexertion. In extreme cold, use road maps, seat covers, and floor mats for insulation. Huddle with passengers and use your coat for a blanket. Take turns sleeping. One person should be awake at all times to look for rescue crews. Eat regularly and drink ample fluids to avoid dehydration, but avoid caffeine and alcohol. Be careful not to waste battery power.
Balance electrical energy needs - the use of lights, heat, and radio - with supply. Turn on the inside light at night so work crews or rescuers can see you.
If stranded in a remote area, stomp large block letters in an open area spelling out HELP or SOS and line with rocks or tree limbs to attract the attention of rescue personnel who may be surveying the area by airplane. Leave the car and proceed on foot - if necessary - once the blizzard passes. After Snowstorms and Extreme Cold. If your home loses power or heat for more than a few hours or if you do not have adequate supplies to stay warm in your home overnight, you may want to go to a designated public shelter if you can get there safely. Text SHELTER + your ZIP code to 4. FEMA) to find the nearest shelter in your area (e.
SHELTER2. 04. 72)Bring any personal items that you would need to spend the night (such as toiletries, medicines). Take precautions when traveling to the shelter. Dress warmly in layers, wear boots, mittens, and a hat. Continue to protect yourself from frostbite and hypothermia by wearing warm, loose- fitting, lightweight clothing in several layers. Stay indoors, if possible. Learn From Every Storm.
Restock your emergency supplies to be ready in case another storm hits. Assess how well your supplies and family plan worked. What could you have done better? Take a few minutes to improve your family plan and supplies before the next winter storm hits. Talk to your neighbors and colleagues about their experiences and share tips with each other.